Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Capital Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

The death penalty - Essay Example The other solid motivation to contradict the death penalty is that it encroaches the most fundamental human right: the privilege to life. Studies of the death penalty have consistently scrutinized the profound quality in adjusting an amiss with a wrong. Despite the fact that the supporters of capital punishment contend that it hinders individuals from submitting genuine offenses, this case is a long way from reality. Capital punishment is undoubtedly a propagation of homicide in the general public. How right is it to engage an individual not to murdering by slaughtering? The death penalty has no ethical measurement as serves to instill the most horrible bad habit in the general public: murder. Capital punishment damages people’s right to life.Apart from the impediment factor, numerous individuals on the side of the death penalty contend that it is a lion's share see so the death penalty must proceed. It is right that larger part of the populace underpins the death penalty as i s apparent in the survey review done by Pew Research Center. The review was led between November 9 and November 14 of every 2011 and 2001 grown-ups reacted to this overview and 62% upheld capital punishment for murders. In 1996, 78% respondents supported capital punishment and for most recent 4 decades, the popular assessment has reliably stayed for the death penalty. In light of these outcomes, one can contend that death penalty is basic in cultivating an ethical society. Maybe, in the brain of individuals, the death penalty goes about as an obstruction for individuals not to carry out the wrongdoing; in any case, hoodlums will get intrepid and perpetrate more violations.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Free Essays on Renaissance Art

The ‘Age of Enlightenment’ is a term utilized to portray the patterns in thought and letters in Europe and the American states during the eighteenth century, preceding the French Revolution of 1789-1799. The expression was every now and again utilized by scholars of the period itself, persuaded that they were rising up out of hundreds of years of dimness and numbness into another age illuminated by reason, science, and a regard for humankind. Of the fundamental suppositions and convictions normal to thinkers and erudite people of this period, maybe the most significant was a that of there confidence in the intensity of human explanation. Individuals came to expect that through a crude utilization of reason in progress, it would be conceivable to advance in information, in specialized accomplishment, and even in virtues. In spite of the fact that they considered the to be as the chief power that had subjugated the human psyche before, most Edification scholars didn't repudiate religion by and large. Many selected a type of Deism, tolerating the presence of God and of a from this point forward, yet dismissing the lessons of Christian philosophy. They additionally felt that human life ought to be spent on progress. In excess of a lot of - 1- Trevino #2 fixed thoughts, the Enlightenment inferred a demeanor and a strategy for thought. During the main portion of the eighteenth century, the pioneers of the Enlightenment pursued a tough battle against extensive chances. A few were detained for their compositions, and most were hampered by government oversight and assaults by the congregation. The later many years of the century denoted a triumph of the development in Europe and America. The tremendous increment in the distribution of papers and books guaranteed a wide dissemination of new thoughts. Along these lines at long last observing that the period of illumination was... Free Essays on Renaissance Art Free Essays on Renaissance Art The ‘Age of Enlightenment’ is a term utilized to portray the patterns in thought and letters in Europe and the American states during the eighteenth century, preceding the French Revolution of 1789-1799. The expression was every now and again utilized by scholars of the period itself, persuaded that they were rising up out of hundreds of years of murkiness and numbness into another age edified by reason, science, and a regard for mankind. Of the essential suppositions and convictions basic to savants and erudite people of this period, maybe the most significant was a that of there confidence in the intensity of human explanation. Individuals came to accept that through a crude utilization of reason in progress, it would be conceivable to advance in information, in specialized accomplishment, and even in virtues. In spite of the fact that they considered the to be as the chief power that had oppressed the human psyche before, most Illumination scholars didn't revoke religion out and out. Many settled on a type of Deism, tolerating the presence of God and of a from this point forward, however dismissing the lessons of Christian philosophy. They likewise felt that human life ought to be spent on progress. In excess of a lot of - 1- Trevino #2 fixed thoughts, the Enlightenment suggested a demeanor and a technique for thought. During the principal half of the eighteenth century, the pioneers of the Enlightenment pursued a tough battle against extensive chances. A few were detained for their compositions, and most were hampered by government oversight and assaults by the congregation. The later many years of the century denoted a triumph of the development in Europe and America. The tremendous increment in the distribution of papers and books guaranteed a wide dissemination of new thoughts. Subsequently at long last observing that the time of edification was... Free Essays on Renaissance Art Renaissance Art The Renaissance, or resurrection in italy started in the late fourteenth century and kept going until the mid sixteenth century. Numerous acient thoughts were rediscovered in regions, for example, theory, writing, and science. Individuals became turned out to be increasinly mindful of traditional information and in this way made plans to learn by direct perception and investigation of the normal world. Accordingly, strict topics turned out to be progressively critical to craftsmen, and with the restored enthusiasm for old thoughts came another assortment of subjects which originated from Greek what's more, Roman history and folklore. The models gave by acient structures and works of craftsmanship likewise motivated the advancement of new procedures in workmanship and the craving to re-make the structures and styles of craftsmanship that had existed in the old style age. There were numerous craftsmen in this time and the work they did was virtuoso. Leonardo who is viewed as the perfect Renaissance mastermind, connected as he was in trials of all sorts and having brought to his craft a feeling of fretful request that looked to find the laws overseeing different common marvels. Leonardo's works incorporated the Adoration of the Magi and The Last Supper. Michelangelo who has arrived at speak to the craftsman supplied with puzzling singular virtuoso. His all inclusive gifts are appeared by the tomb of Julius II, The Medici Chapel, The Sistine Chapel and The Last Judgment. Consequently endeavors were made to find the right laws of extent for design what's more, for the portrayal of the human body and to sort out the formation of room in an image. Despite the fact that these craftsmen were exceptionally attentive of characteristic marvels, they likewise would in general create general principles from explicit perceptions. They put forth an attempt to go past direct interpretation of nature into laws, and chose to give the expression of workmanship some perfect, immaterial characteristics, setting up a marvel and signifigance extraordinary...

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Road Im On

The Road I’m On Pardon me for the grammatically incorrect tonight title (in the sardonic words of the ever-quotable Winston Churchill, This is the sort of English up with which I will not put!), but Im currently listening to my old 3 Doors Down albums and I really like this song. Which is why it has now made its way into my blog, like several other songs I can think of. Anyway. Life at MIT is moving right along at its usual breakneck pace, but I wouldnt have it any other way. Really, my only complaint is that I havent had all that much time to blog lately. Which isnt to say I havent been thinking about blogging, or continuously scratching down ideas for all the (hopefully) awesome entries Ill be putting up in the next few weeks. As the old phrase goes, so many blogsso little time. Yeah, so Im a little cheesy sometimes what else is new? Luckily, I have about half an hour to jot some thoughts down right now, so I figured I might as well capitalize on the opportunity. As it happens, Im feeling sort of nostalgic and philosophical at the same time, and youre the lucky ones who get to glimpse my innermost(ish) thoughts. And by you, I mean the entire Internet. Doesnt that make you feel special? ;) Seriously though. As May 1 draws ever closer, I cant believe that its already been a year since I decided to go to MIT. In some ways, I am still surprised I got in to MIT. Thats one thing some people forget upon arriving to MIT, I think: being here is not a right, but a privilege I might even go so far as to call it an honor. And unlike in high school, where there are a lot of other people (parents, teachers, guidance counselors, and so on) encouraging you and motivating you to do well, your success in college will, necessarily, have to be almost entirely self-motivated. And I dont say that because professors and advisors here arent supportive they are. But at the end of the day, they arent going to do your psets for you, or call you up and remind you to study for the big physics exam next Wednesday. Youre going to be the one who has to take charge of that. And there will, probably, be a few times you have too much going on and forget that you have some HASS paper due in four days and you havent read the book yet, or that the deadline to officially register for your UROP in the Langer Lab is in about 24 hours, or that you really need to start blogging some more, or And thats okay. Because if youre the kind of person who belongs at MIT, you wont just finish the paper (though you may have to sacrifice a few other things to get there) or manage to finish the UROP application in the nick of time, youll actually learn from the mistake and make sure it doesnt happen again. (Ask me how I know.) Sorry for digressing. I think we were talking about the National Reply Date being in five days or something, yes? Yes. When I got into MIT, I was beyond elated. I had applied back in November or something with the philosophy that I would apply to a bunch of schools, find out where I was admitted, and make my choice from that list. I cant pinpoint exactly when things changed but definitely by mid-February or so, I wanted to get into MIT. I think the blogs may have played a bit of a role in this realization. (And when I say think I mean Im sure, and when I say a bit of a role I mean they were a major factor. Thanks a lot, guys.) I waited to find out where else I had gotten into, but in the long run that was kind of a formality. CPW only confirmed my initial suspicion: MIT was, and is, the best school for me. For many of my friends and classmates, though, it wasnt nearly that straightforward. I even know a good number of admitted 2012s who have only just made up their minds to attend MIT, and many more who are still deciding. So if youre reading this, and youre still making up your mind about where youre going to go next year, rest assured youre not the only one. I cant make the decision for you, obviously. But if knowing more about MIT would help you make a more informed decision, I along with all the other bloggers, students, parents, and others who read these blogs are all here to answer any questions you might have or concerns you want to address. So whether youve already made your choice and want to explain why you chose MIT, or if youre still trying to make up your mindby all means, comment away. Thats what these blogs are here for, after all to bridge the gap between MIT and you. Thats why these blogs exist.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Slaverys Destruction and the Scars That Create New...

Slaverys Destruction and the Scars that Create New Identities On a cold January night in 1856, eight Northern Kentucky slaves, including 22-year-old Margaret Garner and her four children, crossed the frozen Ohio River en route to Canada and freedom. The next morning, an armed posse of 11 white men, led by Garners master, Archibald Gaines, surrounded the Cincinnati house where the runaways were hiding. In the melee that followed, Garner murdered her two-year-old daughter and attempted to kill her remaining children. (Goodman) This is the true story behind the classic novel Beloved; a story that is filled with symbols, pain, and sorrow. Each character has their own particular baggage that they carry with them whether it is in the†¦show more content†¦When Sixo outsmarts schoolteacher he is physically beaten, to show him that definitions belong to the definers, not to the defined (Morrison, 190). This prompts the idea that communication is more than words in this instance; it is also the physical markings a person bears. He along with hi s two nephews serve to ruin the lives of the people they deem to be inferior. Whites in this novel choose to show their superiority through the scars they give the slaves. Never to be outdone, any act of intelligence shown by a slave other than his or her job will be followed by a beating of some sort, whether it be whipped, punched, or raped. One such instance that impacted three individuals was the rape and taking of Sethes milk. For Sethe it broke her momentarily, she felt as though she was an animal and that her self respect and dignity was stripped from her. In an instant she went from a woman who had some sense of self to a woman who felt worthless, like a puppet for whites to control and abuse as they pleased. This is the ultimate form of dehumanization in that all morals and feelings

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Best Effect On Bone Mineral Density Essay - 1249 Words

Bone mineral density (BMD) is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue. Bone density measurement is used in clinical medicine as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk and helps estimate the strength of the bones. Everyone loses some bone mass with age. As a result, bones become lighter and less dense. With further bone loss, osteopenia can lead to osteoporosis. However, bone tissues are constantly remodeled and, therefore, can be increased. Multiple studies in the past showed that it adapts and respond to various stimuli. One of this stimulus is physical exercise. Due to fewer serious side effects and reduced cost, exercise intervention is considered as an attractive alternative to medication. Moreover, it facilitates in improving balance and fall reduction. Four studies will be considered in this essay to understand which type of exercise produces the best effect on bone mineral density in a different kind of population. In the cross-sectional study â€Å"Lean body mass and weight-bearing activity in the prediction of bone mineral density in physical active men† Rector Scott et al. (2009) determined the impact of long-term running, cycling and resistance training on whole-body and regional BMD, taking into consideration the effects of composition and body weight, in men 19 to 45 ages. The results of the study showed increased BMD in resistance trained athletes and runners compared with cyclists. Moreover, it was confirmed that high-impact activities, such asShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Osteoporosis1171 Words   |  5 Pagesand low bone mass (Ailinger, 2005). Due to osteoporosis being a chronic diseases it does not include an agent, reservoir, or mode of transmission. This chronic disease excessively affects the elderly and can result in physical and psychosocial consequences. The pathophysiology of osteoporosis involves low bone mass and extra skeletal factors that lead to bone fractures. Every day there is a small amount of bone mineral being removed from our bones, this process is called resorption. For bone strengthRead MoreOsteoporosis Is An Intricate Chronic Disease1257 Words   |  6 Pagessymptoms such as a bone fracture occur (Huether McCance, 2012). It is a disease that compromises bone density, making it porous and is a serious health threat to aging adults (Watts, 2011). According to Huether McCance (2012), Osteoporosis is not necessarily a result of the aging progression but it is the most common disease that affects bone, and it is most common in elderly individuals. During osteoporosis, there is a point where new bone is not being made faster than the old bone is being reabsorbedRead MoreJuvenile Osteoporosis And Its Effects914 Words   |  4 PagesOsteoporosis is a condition in which bone density is lost or the formation of bone is insufficient, weakening the bones and making them easier to fracture. Although it is most common in older adults, especially women, osteoporosis can also occur during childhood. Most often, osteoporosis during childhood is caused by a primary medical condition, such as diabetes or by a genetic disorder such as osteogenesis imperfecta. This type of osteoporosis is called secondary osteoporosis. Some diseases andRead MoreOsteoporosis Is A Health Problem1643 Words   |  7 Pagesas a disease of the bones whereas the bones becomes weak and very fragile. Many people with this disease often break bones within the hip, spine, and wrist. The bones are easily broken from a minor fall or, in severe cases, from a simple sneeze. The meaning of osteoporosis is â€Å"porous bone.† When looking at a healthy bone under a microscope, you will find the resemblance of a honeycomb. Far as osteoporosis, those holes and spaces in a honeycomb are much larger than a healthy bone (National OsteoporosisRead MoreDairy intake for adequate calcium levels in the management of Osteoporosis Sidak Singh1600 Words   |  7 Pagescritical nutritional factor in achieving optimal peak bone mass. Dietary dairy intake is an essential source of calcium necessary for sufficient bone density. While studies illustrate the value of dairy intake as a source of calcium and thus bone health, contention on this topic has followed. Discordant viewpoints argue no effect of dairy consumption on bone strength and negative impacts of excess protein leading to metabolic acidosis which impacts bone mass. This review will focus on the benefits of dairyRead MoreHigh Intensity Interval Training ( H.i ) Essay1705 Words   |  7 PagesAcute: sharp or severe in effect; intense Conjugated: joined together, esp. in a pair or pairs; coupled There are tons of articles trumpeting the benefits of high intensity interval training (H.I.I.T.), making claims of accelerated fat loss and increased heart function when compared to steady-state cardio. There are tons more articles espousing the benefits of high intensity weight training for these same goals as well as increased bone density. Literally, there are tons. I ve printed them outRead MoreBone Formation Of Blood Cells1682 Words   |  7 Pages-Marissa- Bones function in our body by providing structural support, protection, attachment sites for muscles, mineral storage, fat storage, and even involved in the formation of blood cells. The two types of bone in our body are compact bone (which is found forming the outer layer of bones for protection and support) and spongy bone (which is composed of an unusual lattice of slender columns of bone termed trabeculae and in the spaces of the trabeculae red bone marrow can be found). Bones of madeRead MoreOsteoporosis And Its Effect On The Oral Cavity1360 Words   |  6 Pagesosteoporosis and its effect on the oral cavity. With this paper I hope to make the reader aware of: what osteoporosis is, some facts about it, what it affects in the oral cavity, how to prevent it, and treatment for osteoporosis. Meaning of Osteoporosis First off, what is osteoporosis? Osteoporosis means â€Å"porous bone.† According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation osteoporosis is a bone disease that happens when the body loses too much bone, doesn’t make enough bone, or both. BecauseRead MoreLosing Bone Is Common Of The Ageing Process1279 Words   |  6 PagesLosing bone is common of the ageing process, but for some individuals it can lead to osteoporosis and a multiplied risk of fractures. Osteoporosis (porous bone), is a disease that intensifies the loss of bone mass and strength. It often advances without any symptoms or pain. Thus, osteoporosis is not detected until weakened bones cause painful fractures typically in the back or hips. These brittle fractures result in serious morbidity and may have lasting effects through associated depression,Read MoreBone and Steroid-induced Osteoporosis1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthat affects the bones and causes the bones to become porous and brittle is called osteoporosis. Osteoporosis threatens any bone in the body. Hips and spines can be the ones that are the ones that can leave a person bedridden and handicapped. Fractures in the hips will most likely heal at a much slower rate and the vertebral can collapse, causing the person to have pain while walking. The risk factors are bones break more easier and take longer to heal, problems with bones as a child, such

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Economic Impact of the Midwest Drought of 2012 - 1268 Words

Introduction Droughts have devastating effects all around. Most profoundly on the economy of the affected area; disrupting any balance in the supply and demand for food commodities, while pushing the cost of production up. This will translate to the market being largely imbalanced and will impact on the supply chain. Wisconsin is a large farming state, during the 2012 drought; farming practices were largely hampered causing a decline in the production of food. Consequently, farmers faced huge losses since their investment was not marched by the output. Considering this fact, the economy of Wisconsins farming majority saw them running on a deficit. Law of reciprocity shows that if a component in the supply chain faces a deficit then other components will be forced to compensate for the loss and so the deficit will merely change hands. Understanding the different agricultural sectors practice in Wisconsin is crucial in understanding how the drought affected the ebonies of scale. Farming practiced can be broadly placed under two categories; Livestock farming and Crop farming. The relationship between the two levels of farming, can affect one sector in terms of productivity. To illustrate this, the production of short corn dropped by 17%, this translates to 90 million bushels. Short corn is fed on milk producing livestock such as cows and so the overall implication is that milk production would be lower than the previous years (Boyes and Micheal 45). Meat prices will rise inShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On Southeast Florida1615 Words   |  7 Pagesthe global climate system have been warming since the 1950s and many of those changes over decades to millennia have never before been seen or recorded. The climate change is causing irreversible impacts on our global environment, such as sea levels to rise, more frequent and more severe floods and droughts, including numerous others. It turns out that the ocean is storing the majority of the energy in the climate system, which is equivalent to more than 90% of the increase of energy from 1971 toRead MoreWhat Are Droughts? Droughts1645 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are droughts? Drought results from an inadequacy of precipitation from factually typical (long haul normal) amounts that, when stretched out over a season or particularly over a longer timeframe, is insufficient to meet the requests of human activities. All types of drought originate from an insufficiency of precipitation that result in water deficiencies for some activity, (for example, crop generation) or for some group, (for example, farmers). Generally, droughts are delegated as eitherRead MoreClimate Changes And Climate Change1081 Words   |  5 Pagesweather events have occurred; these include: hurricanes, floods and droughts. These extreme events have negative impacts on different aspects of the environment. The following statements buttress the importance of changing climate on the environment. 1) â€Å"Weather is not just an environmental issue; it is a major economic factor. At least $1 trillion of our economy is weather sensitive†- William Daky, Former US Commerce Secretary 2) â€Å"In 2012 alone, $100 billion was lost due to weather†¦Ã¢â‚¬ -Weather Risk ManagementRead MoreA Comparison of Life in Four Contrasting Countries: The USA, the UK, China and Bangladesh1652 Words   |  7 PagesGulf of Mexico coasts); tornadoes (in the Midwest and Southeast); mud slides; forest fires; and flooding. The UK very rarely experiences natural disasters, apart from occasional flooding, whilst Bangladesh commonly experiences more extreme flooding, and China can experience earthquakes. Drought in USA The 2012-2013 drought in the USA began from a heatwave, along with a winter that brought little snowfall and strong summer heat. The effects of the drought, which continued throughout the whole of 2013Read MoreThe Dust Bowl Of The Great West1172 Words   |  5 PagesImagine having a terrible cough that leaves your throat irritated and raw to the point where you are coughing up blood. Imagine the disappointment of realizing a possible rain cloud is really a wall of dust rushing your way. For people living in the Midwest during the 1930s this was not the conjuring of imagination but a reality. â€Å"Decade long natural catastrophe of biblical proportions†¦ when plagues of grasshoppers and swarms of rabbits descended on parched fields,† (Burns, â€Å"The Dust Bowl†). What seemedRead MoreUnited States Agricultural Stakeholder Views And Actions Towards Climate Change8229 Words   |  33 Pagesstakeholder views and actions towards climate change science and impacts is critical to for the developpment of effective strategies for farming, extension outreach, academic research, and policymaking. A sStakeholders isare any citizen or group potentially affected by or having a vested interest (a stake) in an issue, program, action or decision leading to an action (Decker, Krueger, Baer, Knuth Richmond, 1996). As Bartels, Furman, and Diehl (2012) note, any process to engage farmer stakeholders farmerRead MoreLiterature Review On Climate Change2734 Words   |  11 Pagesinclude effects on ecosystems, particularly aquatic systems such as lakes, streams, wetlands, and estuaries (Bates, Kundzewicz, Wu, Palutikof, June 2008). Extensive studies have been done and are in the process of being carried out to understand the impact of climate change on water resource. The pioneer in this field of study has been the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). IPCC has produced a series of reports expressing their concern about climate change on all sectors of the EnvironmentRead MoreHow Climate Change Is Happening?1573 Words   |  7 Pagesclimate change. State governments are actively creating programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and carbon while the federal government has leaned towards a â€Å"do little† approach against this controversial issue (Engel). This role reversal impacts the development of new approaches to protect environments from climate change. Local and state climate change initiatives range in a diverse set of government programs. A list of these diverse government programs would include not only programs designedRead MoreKeystone Xl Approval Act Will Bring Positive And Negative Effects1651 Words   |  7 Pagespipeline project is a proof of the desire to reduce dependency towards Middle East countries and focusing on the supply from Canada. The Keystone XL pipeline will benefit the country because of its economic prospective. According to TransCanada Corporation’s website, based on Draft Supplement Impact Statement (conducted by the U.S Department of State), this project will contribute to the long-term energy security, supporting numerous jobs prospective, and providing billions of private investmentRead MoreThe Production And Consumption Trends Of Milk2035 Words   |  9 Pages INTRODUCTION More than six billion people worldwide consume milk and the majority of these people live in developing countries (Faye, 2012). Milk is consumed every day, whether by drinking a glass of milk or through the consumption of processed foods made with dairy products. The per capita consumption of milk is higher in developed countries, but the gap with many developing countries is narrowing. The production and consumption trends of milk will be closely examined and give insight as to why

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Fusion Heat Essay Example For Students

Fusion Heat Essay The objective of this experiment is to find the heat of fusion of water by usinga calorimeter. The calorimeter will be used to melt ice in water to find theheat of fusion. Theory: Heat of fusion is known to be the amount of heat that ittakes to allow one mole of a substance to turn from solid to liquid. The heat offusion of water is known to be 80 cal/mol. This experiment will use acalorimeter with distilled water and ice to find an experimental value of heatof fusion of water. Equations used in this experiment will be LFM1 =M2C?T where LF is the heat of fusion, M1 is the mass of the substancebeing melted (the ice), M 2 is the mass of the substance that is doing themelting (the water), C is the specific heat of the substance (water is onecalorie per gram per degree), and ?T is the change in temperature. Procedure: The following materials will be needed for this experiment, a cup, athermometer, distilled water, ice, and a scale. The first step is to find themass of the cup without anything in it. After that fill it about half full withdistilled water, and find the mass of that. After the mass of the cup and wateris measured, put about five or six normal blocks of ice in to the cup. Use thethermometer to stir the mixture. Every 15 seconds record the temperature of themixture. When the temperature has leveled off, use a fork to pick out any blocksof ice that are left. Data Calculations: Mass of cup: 3.39 g Mass of cupand water: 169.17 g Mass of cup, water and ice: 208.11 g Mass of water: 165.78gMass of ice: 38.94 g Change in temperature: 18.9 C (38.94 g)X = (165.78 g)(1cal/gram C)(18.9 C) 38.94 g X = 3133.242 cal X = 80.46 cal/g 80.46 80 = .6 %error 80 Conclusion Discussion: This experiment was good to show how findan experimental value of heat of fusion of a substance. Some of the p ossiblesources of error could have been: ? There could have been human error inreading equipment. ? There could have been equipment error in measuring. ? Some extra water could have come out when digging out the ice. ?The ice was tap water and not distilled. ? Some water could have beensplashed out when stirring. ? Some heat could have been lost into thecup. ? Some heat could have been lost to the environment. Physics